What does "universal precautions" refer to in HAZMAT handling?

The concept of "universal precautions" in HAZMAT handling is based on the understanding that all bodily fluids should be treated as if they are potentially infectious. This approach is crucial when dealing with hazardous materials, particularly in settings where exposure to blood and other fluids may occur. By incorporating universal precautions, individuals take proactive steps to protect themselves and others from potential health risks. This includes using personal protective equipment (PPE), adhering to strict hygiene practices, and employing safe handling techniques, thus mitigating the risk of disease transmission or exposure to hazardous substances.

This principle is particularly relevant in fields like healthcare, emergency response, and environmental cleanup, where the nature of materials being handled may not always be immediately apparent, and the consequences of exposure could be severe. The other choices focus on assumptions that either downplay risks or deal with non-hazardous materials, which do not align with the primary intent of universal precautions.